The Midwest, particularly around Illinois and Ohio, supports a network of refineries focused on processing lighter crude grades and supplying regional fuel distribution centers. The United States operates one of the most complex and extensive networks of oil refineries in the world, processing billions of barrels of crude oil daily to meet domestic energy demands and supply global markets.
Why US Oil Refinery Numbers Are Declining: The Key Factors
Factors Influencing the Number of Refineries The 135 refineries collectively process an average of approximately 18 million barrels of crude oil per day. Individual refinery capacity varies dramatically, from smaller regional plants processing tens of thousands of barrels per day to massive complexes handling over 600,000 barrels daily.
Profitability remains the primary driver, with facilities closing when maintenance costs and regulatory compliance outweigh operational revenue. The count of operational refineries is not static; it is influenced by a confluence of economic, regulatory, and market forces.
Why US Oil Refinery Numbers Are Declining: Key Drivers
These refineries are not distributed evenly; they are concentrated heavily along the Gulf Coast, the West Coast, and the Midwest, creating distinct regional hubs for petroleum processing. The concentration here is a result of historical infrastructure, deep-water ports, and proximity to major crude oil production areas.
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