The number preceding the "W" is a measure of the oil's viscosity during cold starts. The Meaning of the Viscosity Grade The primary set of numbers, such as the "5" in 5W-30 or the "30" in the same grade, refers to the oil's viscosity, or its resistance to flow.
Understanding SAE Oil Viscosity Ratings and Numbers
Matching the Grade to Your Engine Selecting the correct oil grade is not a matter of preference alone; it is a technical requirement dictated by your vehicle's manufacturer. Conversely, using an oil that is too thick (a higher viscosity) can reduce fuel economy, hinder cold starts, and slow down oil circulation, which can starve the engine of lubrication during crucial moments.
What do 5W-30, 10W-40, or 0W-20 actually signify? These figures are not arbitrary; they are a precise language defined by industry standards that describe the oil’s performance characteristics. Decoding the "W" Factor The "W" in the code stands for "Winter," and it specifically addresses the oil's cold-temperature performance.
What Do SAE Numbers Mean in Oil Viscosity Grades
Early oils were simple mineral oils with fixed viscosities, but modern synthetics are engineered molecules that provide exceptional stability. When you glance at a bottle of motor oil, the numbers printed on the label might look like cryptic code.
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