When a flat panel is formed from a coil of metal, it retains internal stresses from the rolling and leveling process. Unlike dents or creases, which are permanent plastic deformations caused by physical impact, the waves of oil canning are flexible and will not hold a new shape if pressed.
Architects' Oil Canning Prevention Guide: Best Practices for Flat Panel Design and Installation
Recognizing the difference is vital for warranty claims and maintenance; a qualified metal contractor can assess the surface and determine if the distortion is a result of the material’s inherent characteristics or if there has been a breach in the installation protocol. The profile of the panel also plays a critical role—long, uninterrupted spans with minimal structural support, such as those found in standing seam roofs or wall panels, provide the perfect conditions for wave formation.
To mitigate this, best practice involves supporting the full width of the panel during handling and allowing for thermal movement through the proper use of slip-critical fasteners and oversized holes. The most significant is the thickness of the substrate; thinner gauges are more prone to visible distortion because they have less inherent rigidity.
Architects' Oil Canning Prevention Guide for Flat Metal Panels
If the panel is not allowed to fully relax or if it is overstretched during handling, these stored energies seek balance. In the field, installers should adhere to handling guidelines that prevent deformation and ensure that the building envelope is designed to accommodate movement.
More About Oil canning
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