This number, often referred to as the SAE rating, quantifies the viscosity, or thickness, of the oil once it has reached its operating temperature. The Science Behind Viscosity Viscosity is the scientific term for a fluid’s resistance to flow.
Higher Grade Oil Thicker Temperature Stability
Conversely, oil that is too thin will fail to protect the engine under stress. The specific number you are focusing on, particularly the second one in the sequence, is a critical indicator of the oil’s high-temperature performance.
Motor oil behaves similarly, and the grade number directly reflects this characteristic. As engines age, internal components like bearings and seals can wear down, leading to larger gaps and increased oil consumption.
Higher Grade Oil Thicker Temperature Stability
The number after the "W" is the high-temperature grade you are asking about. For example, in a 10W-40, the "40" tells you that at 212°F (100°C), the oil will flow like a 40-grade single-weight oil.
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